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O Arsenal sofreutilt pokersegunda derrota nesta temporada do Campeonato Ingl�s neste s�bado. Contra o Aston Villa, a equipe foi?? superada por 1 a 0 no Villa Park e n�o terminou o dia fora da lideran�a. Mikel Arteta, t�cnico da?? equipe, analisou o resultado.

Os Gunners foram vazados logo nos primeiros minutos de jogo. McGinn girou bem dentro da �rea e?? marcou o que seria o �nico gol da partida. O Arsenal pressionou os visitantes em busca do empate, mas n�o?? conseguiu concluir as jogadas de maneira satisfat�ria. Para Arteta, a equipe n�o foi suficientemente precisa nas finaliza��es.

"Tiveram muitas coisas n�s?? fizemos muito bem hoje, mas isso � definido nas �reas e n�o tivemos a precis�o que � necess�ria neste n�vel?? para ganhar o jogo", disse. "Tivemos algumas chances claras para colocar a bola no fundo das redes ou de fazer?? um passe quando o gol estava completamente aberto, mas n�o conseguimos", completou.

Casagrande

Mudar o nome do CT n�o far� Corinthians campe�o

Juca?? Kfouri

A Premier League amea�a o Brasileir�o

Josias de Souza

Gleisi apela para o impeachment

Carolina Br�gido

Governo prepara veto a indulto a membro de?? fac��o

A tough night in Birmingham. pic.twitter.com/5jyyP6GO8J? Arsenal (@Arsenal) December 9, 2023O resultado deixou o Arsenal na segunda coloca��o da Premier?? League, com um ponto a menos que o novo l�der Liverpool. Na ter�a-feira, os Gunners encerramtilt pokerparticipa��o na fase?? de grupos da Liga dos Campe�es com um confronto contra o PSV, �s 12h45 (de Bras�lia), no Philips Stadion.

A tough?? night in Birmingham. pic.twitter.com/5jyyP6GO8J

? Arsenal (@Arsenal) December 9, 2023

O resultado deixou o Arsenal na segunda coloca��o da Premier League, com?? um ponto a menos que o novo l�der Liverpool. Na ter�a-feira, os Gunners encerramtilt pokerparticipa��o na fase de grupos?? da Liga dos Campe�es com um confronto contra o PSV, �s 12h45 (de Bras�lia), no Philips Stadion.

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Procedures of betting in poker

This article is about the common terms, rules, and

procedures of betting in poker only. For?? the strategic impact of betting, see poker

strategy

In the game of poker, the play largely centers on the act of?? betting, and as

such, a protocol has been developed to speed up play, lessen confusion, and increase

security while playing.?? Different games are played using different types of bets, and

small variations in etiquette exist between cardrooms, but for the?? most part the

following rules and protocol are observed by the majority of poker players.

Procedure [

edit ]

Players in a?? poker game act in turn, in clockwise rotation (acting out of turn

can negatively affect other players). When it is?? a player's turn to act, the first

verbal declaration or action they take binds them to their choice of action;?? this rule

prevents a player from changing their action after seeing how other players react to

their initial action.[1]

Until the?? first bet is made each player in turn may "check",

which is to not place a bet, or "open", which?? is to make the first bet. After the first

bet each player may "fold", which is to drop out of?? the hand losing any bets they have

already made; "call", which is to match the highest bet so far made;?? or "raise", which

is to increase the previous high bet.[1]

A player may fold by surrendering one's cards.

(Some games may?? have specific rules regarding how to fold: for example in stud poker

one must turn one's upcards face down.) A?? player may check by tapping the table or

making any similar motion. All other bets are made by placing chips?? in front of the

player, but not directly into the pot ("splashing the pot" prevents other players from

verifying the?? bet amount).[1]

Order of betting [ edit ]

Play proceeds to the left of

the dealer

In general, the person to the left?? of the dealer acts first and action

proceeds in a clockwise fashion. If any player has folded earlier, action proceeds?? to

next player. In games with blinds, the first round of betting begins with the player to

the left of?? the blinds. In stud games, the action begins with the player showing the

strongest cards and proceeds clockwise. If there?? is a bring-in, the first round of

betting begins with the player obliged to post the bring-in.

Check [ edit ]

If?? no one

has yet opened the betting round, a player may pass or check, which is equivalent to

betting zero?? and/or to call the current bet of zero. When checking, a player declines

to make a bet; this indicates that?? they do not wish to open, but do wish to keep their

cards and retain the right to call or?? raise later in the same round if an opponent

opens. In games played with blinds, players may not check on?? the opening round because

the blinds are live bets and must be called or raised to remain in the hand.?? A player

who has posted the big blind has the right to raise on the first round, called the

option,?? if no other player has raised; if they decline to raise they are said to check

their option. If all?? players check, the betting round is over with no additional money

placed in the pot (often called a free round?? or free card). A common way to signify

checking is to tap the table, either with a fist, knuckles, an?? open hand or the index

finger(s).

Open, bet, raise [ edit ]

If in any betting round it is a player's turn?? to

act and the action is unopened, then the player can open action in a betting round by

making a?? bet�the act of making the first voluntary bet in a betting round is called

opening the round. On the first?? betting round, it is also called opening the pot,

though in variants where blind bets are common, the blind bets?? "open" the first betting

round and other players call and/or raise the "big blind" bet. Some poker variations

have special?? rules about opening a round that may not apply to other bets. For example,

a game may have a betting?? structure that specifies different allowable amounts for

opening than for other bets, or may require a player to hold certain?? cards (such as

"Jacks or better") to open.

The pot of chips is normally kept in the center of the

table

Normally,?? a player makes a bet by placing the chips they wish to wager into the

pot. Under normal circumstances, all?? other players still in the pot must either call

the full amount of the bet or raise if they wish?? to remain in, the only exceptions

being when a player does not have sufficient stake remaining to call the full?? amount of

the bet (in which case they may either call with their remaining stake to go "all-in"

or fold)?? or when the player is already all-in.

To raise is to increase the size of an

existing bet in the same?? betting round. A player making the second (not counting the

open) or subsequent raise of a betting round is said?? to re-raise. A player making a

raise after previously checking in the same betting round is said to check-raise. The

?? sum of the opening bet and all raises is the amount that all players in the hand must

call in?? order to remain eligible to win the pot, subject to the table stakes rules

described in the previous paragraph.

A bluff?? is when a player bets or raises when it is

likely they do not have the best hand; it is?? often done in hopes that (an) opponent(s)

will fold mediocre yet stronger hands. When a player bets or raises with?? a weak hand

that has a chance of improvement on a later betting round, the bet or raise is

classified?? as a semi-bluff. On the other hand, a bet made by a player who hopes or

expects to be called?? by weaker hands is classified as a value bet.[2]

In no-limit and

pot-limit games, there is a minimum amount that is?? required to be bet in order to open

the action. In games with blinds, this amount is usually the amount?? of the big blind.

Modern poker rules require that raises must be at least equal to the amount of the

?? previous bet or raise. For example, if an opponent betsR$5, a player must raise by at

least anotherR$5, and they?? may not raise by onlyR$2. If a player raises a bet ofR$5

byR$7 (for a total ofR$12), the next re-raise?? would have to be by at least anotherR$7

(the previous raise) more than theR$12 (for a total of at leastR$19).?? The primary

purpose of the minimum raise rule is to avoid game delays caused by "nuisance" raises

(small raises of?? large bets, such as an extraR$1 over a current bet ofR$50, that have

little effect on the action but take?? time as all others must call). This rule is

overridden by table stakes rules, so that a player may in?? fact raise aR$5 bet byR$2 if

thatR$2 is their entire remaining stake. The only exception is if someone goes all?? in

for less than a legal raise. For example, if the minimum bet isR$5 and a player goes

all in?? forR$4, the next player can call theR$4; if they want to raise, they would have

to make itR$9 ($4 plus?? the minimum bet).

In no-limit and pot-limit games, if a player

opens action in a betting round by placing any number?? of chips in the pot without a

verbal declaration, or if they place two or more chips in the pot?? of sufficient value

to raise an outstanding bet or raise without a verbal declaration, then the full amount

placed in?? the pot will be assumed to be the amount of the bet or raise. Sometimes, a

player will not have?? enough chips in smaller denominations that would be needed to make

a bet or raise in the desired amount�for example,?? a player may be out ofR$1 andR$5

chips and still haveR$25 chips�if the pot is currentlyR$70 and the player wants?? to open

action by betting half the pot, they will want to betR$35. In such cases, instead of

slowing down?? the game by asking the dealer or another player to provide "change" a

player may simply verbally declare the amount?? they are betting while placing (a)

chip(s) of sufficient value to make good on the bet. Any "change" will be?? returned to

them by the dealer if necessary.

Also in no-limit and pot-limit games, a raise may be

expressed as either?? a raise byR$X or a raise toR$X. For example, suppose Alice opens by

bettingR$5. If Dianne subsequently announces "I raise?? byR$15" she will be raising

byR$15 over and above the opening bet ofR$5, for a total bet ofR$20. On the?? other hand,

if Dianne subsequently announces "I raise toR$15" she will be raising by onlyR$10 for a

total bet ofR$15.?? Today, most public cardrooms prefer for players to use the raise to

standard as opposed to the raise by standard.?? In the event of any ambiguity in a

player's verbal action while raising, the player will normally be bound to?? raise to the

stated amount. For example, if Alice were to have opened with aR$5 bet and Dianne

subsequently announced?? "raise,R$15" while puttingR$15 into pot (making the potR$20), in

most public cardrooms Dianne would be bound to a total bet?? ofR$15 and the "excess"R$5

would be returned to her.

In fixed-limit games, the size of bets and raises is

determined by?? the specified stakes. For example, inR$3/$6 fixed limit Hold 'em, during

the first two betting rounds (preflop and flop) the?? big blind isR$3, the opening bet

after the flop must be forR$3 and all raises must be forR$3. For the?? last two betting

rounds (turn and river) the opening bet must be forR$6 and all raises must be forR$6.

As?? in no-limit and pot-limit games, these amounts will be over-ridden by table stakes

rules (so for example, inR$3/$6 fixed limit?? Hold 'em a player could bet, raise or call

for onlyR$2 at any time if that is their remaining stake).

Also,?? in fixed-limit and

spread-limit games most casinos cap the total number of raises allowed in a single

betting round (typically?? three or four, not including the opening bet of a round). For

example, in a casino with a three-raise rule,?? if one player opens the betting forR$5,

the next raises byR$5 making itR$10, a third player raises anotherR$5, and a?? fourth

player raisesR$5 again making the current betR$20, the betting is said to be capped at

that point, and no?? further raises beyond theR$20 level will be allowed on that round.

It is common to suspend this rule when there?? are only two players betting in the round

(called being heads-up), since either player can call the last raise if?? they wish.

Pot-limit and no-limit games do not have a limit on the number of raises.

If, because

of opening or?? raising, there is an amount bet that the player in-turn has not paid, the

player must at least match that?? amount, or must fold; the player cannot pass or call a

lesser amount (except where table stakes rules apply).

Call [?? edit ]

To call is to

match a bet or match a raise. A betting round ends when all active players?? have bet an

equal amount. If no opponents call a player's bet or raise, the player wins the

pot.

The second?? and subsequent calls of a particular bet amount are sometimes called

overcalls. This term is also sometimes used to describe?? a call made by a player who has

put money in the pot for this round already. A player calling?? a raise before they have

invested money in the pot in that round is cold calling. For example, if in?? a betting

round, Alice bets, Dianne raises, and Carol calls, Carol "calls two bets cold". A

player calling instead of?? raising with a strong hand is smooth calling or flat calling,

a form of slow play.

Calling in the final betting?? round when a player thinks they do

not have the best hand is called a crying call. Calling when a?? player has a relatively

weak hand but suspects their opponent may be bluffing is called a hero call. Calling a

?? bet prior to the final betting round with the intention of bluffing on a later betting

round is called a?? float.

In public cardrooms, placing a single chip in the pot of any

value sufficient to call an outstanding bet or?? raise without a verbal action declaring

otherwise always constitutes a call. If necessary, any "change" from the chip will be

?? returned to the player at the end of the betting round, or perhaps even sooner if this

can conveniently be?? done. If, when it is a player's turn to act, the player already has

an oversized chip in the pot?? that has not yet been "changed" and that is of sufficient

value to call an outstanding bet or raise, then?? the player may call by tapping the

table as if checking.

In public cardrooms and casinos where verbal declarations are

binding,?? the word "call" is such a declaration. In public card rooms, the practice of

saying "I call, and raiseR$100" is?? considered a string raise and is not allowed. Saying

"I call" commits the player to the action of calling, and?? only calling.

Note that the

verb "see" can often be used instead of "call": "Dianne saw Carol's bet", although the

latter?? can also be used with the bettor as the object: "I'll see you" means 'I will

call your bet'. However,?? terms such as "overseeing" and "cold seeing" are not

valid.

Fold [ edit ]

To fold is to discard one's hand and?? forfeit interest in the

current pot. No further bets are required by the folding player, but the player cannot

win.?? Folding may be indicated verbally or by discarding one's hand face down into the

pile of other discards called the?? muck, or into the pot (uncommon). For this reason it

is also called mucking. In stud poker played in the?? United States, it is customary to

signal folding by turning all of one's cards face down. Once a person indicates?? a fold

or states I fold, that person cannot re-enter the hand. In casinos in the United

Kingdom, a player?? folds by giving their hand as is to the "house" dealer, who spreads

the cards face up for the other?? players to see before mucking them.

Etiquette [ edit

]

Action and betting [ edit ]

When participating in the hand, a player?? is expected to

keep track of the betting action. Losing track of the amount needed to call, called the

bet?? to the player, happens occasionally, but multiple occurrences of this slow the game

down and so it is discouraged. The?? dealer may be given the responsibility of tracking

the current bet amount, from which each player has only to subtract?? their contribution,

if any, thus far.

To aid players in tracking bets, and to ensure all players have bet

the correct?? amount, players stack the amount they have bet in the current round in

front of them. When the betting round?? is over (a common phrase is "the pot's good"),

the players will push their stacks into the pot or the?? dealer will gather them into the

pot. Tossing chips directly into the pot (known as splashing the pot), though popular

?? in film and television depictions of the game, causes confusion over the amount of a

raise and can be used?? to hide the true amount of a bet. Likewise, string raises, or the

act of raising by first placing chips?? to call and then adding chips to raise, causes

confusion over the amount bet. Both actions are generally prohibited at?? casinos and

discouraged at least in other cash games.

Acting out of turn [ edit ]

Most actions

(calls, raises or folds)?? occurring out-of-turn�when players to the right of the player

acting have not yet made decisions as to their own action�are?? considered improper, for

several reasons. First, since actions by a player give information to other players,

acting out of turn?? gives the person in turn information that they normally would not

have, to the detriment of players who have already?? acted.

For instance, say that with

three players in a hand, Player A has a weak hand but decides to try?? a bluff with a

large opening bet. Player C then folds out of turn while Player B is making up?? their

mind. Player B now knows that if they fold, A will take the pot, and also knows that

they?? cannot be re-raised if they call. This may encourage Player B, if they have a good

"drawing hand" (a hand?? currently worth nothing but with a good chance to improve

substantially in subsequent rounds), to call the bet, to the?? disadvantage of Player

A.

Second, calling or raising out of turn, in addition to the information it provides,

assumes all players?? who would act before the out of turn player would not exceed the

amount of the out-of-turn bet. This may?? not be the case, and would result in the player

having to bet twice to cover preceding raises, which would?? cause confusion.

Cards [

edit ]

Players work to minimize the visibility of their hand to others by only turning

up part?? of their cards

A player is never required to expose their concealed cards when

folding or if all others have folded;?? this is only required at the showdown.

Many

casinos and public cardrooms using a house dealer require players to protect their

?? hands. This is done either by holding the cards or, if they are on the table, by

placing a chip?? or other object on top. Unprotected hands in such situations are

generally considered folded and are mucked by the dealer?? when action reaches the

player. This can spark heated controversy, and is rarely done in private games.

The

style of game?? generally determines whether players should hold face-down cards in their

hands or leave them on the table. Holding "hole" cards?? allows players to view them more

quickly and thus speeds up gameplay, but spectators watching over a player's shoulder

can?? communicate the strength of that hand to other players, even unintentionally.

Unwary players can hold their hand such that a?? "rubbernecker" in an adjacent seat can

sneak a peek at the cards. Lastly, given the correct light and angles, players?? wearing

glasses can inadvertently show their opponents their hole cards through the reflection

in their glasses. Thus for most poker?? variants involving a combination of faceup and

facedown cards (most variants of stud and community are dealt in this manner),?? the

standard method is to keep hole cards face-down on the table except when it is that

player's turn to?? act. Five-card draw is generally played with hands held by the players

at all times.

Cash and chips [ edit ]

Chips?? are available in many denominations

Making

change out of the pot is allowed in most games; to avoid confusion, the player?? should

announce their intentions first. Then, if opening or cold calling, the player may

exchange a large chip for its?? full equivalent value out of the pot before placing their

bet, or if over-calling may place the chip (announcing that?? they are calling or raising

a lesser amount) and remove the change from their own bet for the round. Normally,?? if a

player places one oversized chip in the pot without explicitly voicing intention while

facing a bet, the action?? is automatically deemed a call whether or not the chip is

large enough to otherwise qualify as a raise. In?? most casinos players are prohibited

from handling chips once they are placed in the pot, although a player removing their

?? own previous bet in the current round from the pot for the purpose of calling a raise

(or re-raising) is?? usually tolerated. Otherwise, the dealer is expected to make change

when required.

Making change should, in general, be done between hands?? whenever

possible, when a player sees they are running low of an oft-used value. The house

dealer at most casinos?? maintains a chip bank and can usually make change for a large

amount of chips. In informal games, players can?? make change with each other or with

unused chips in the set. While this can prevent delays while players figure?? out change

for a bet, casinos generally frown on or outright prohibit such practices to prevent

players from surreptitiously "ratholing"?? (taking away and securing part of the stakes

for personal use) and/or circumventing buy-in limits. Similarly, buying in for an

?? additional amount must be done between hands (or, at least, done after a player has

folded during the current hand)?? since players are not allowed to add to their stack

during a hand. If buy-ins cannot and/or are not expected?? to be handled by the dealer it

can take two or three hands for an attendant to bring another tray?? to the table. As

described below, some casinos alleviate this issue by allowing cash to be deemed

temporarily "in play"?? while staff fetches chips. Players who wish to always play with

at least the buy-in limit will often carry additional?? chips in their pocket so that

whenever they lose a pot they can quickly "top up" without inconveniencing the dealer

?? or delaying the game.

While having players buy chips directly from the dealer is seen

as a convenience by some players,?? and can help deter players from exceeding buy-in

limits, many players dislike this system because it slows down the game,?? especially if

the dealer is expected to count large numbers of small denominations of chips. Also,

many jurisdictions require all?? such purchases (or, at least, all larger transactions)

to be confirmed (primarily to ensure accuracy) by a supervisor or other?? staff member,

potentially causing further delay. To speed up play (and, by extension, increase the

number of hands dealt and?? rake earned by the casino), many casinos require players to

buy chips from a cashier - to assist players, some?? establishments employ chip runners

to bring cash and chips to and from the tables. Many casinos have a dedicated cashier

?? station located in or very near the poker room, although in some (usually, smaller

venues) the same cashier station that?? handles other transactions will also handle

poker-related purchases. In addition, if the casino uses the same chips for poker as

?? for other games then it is often possible to bring chips from such games to the poker

table.

Touching another player's?? chips without permission is a serious breach of

protocol and can result in the player being barred from the casino.

Most?? tournaments

and many cash games require that larger denomination chips be stacked in front (i.e.,

closer to the center of?? the table, or closer to the pot) of the player's lesser

denomination chips, or at least stacked in such a?? manner that they can be easily seen

by all opponents. This rule is employed to discourage attempts to conceal stack?? size.

Some casinos discourage, prohibit or simply refrain from circulating larger chip

denominations to prevent them from being used in?? lower-stakes cash games, although the

drawback is that larger stacks won during play will become more difficult to handle and

?? manage as a result.

Some informal games allow a bet to be made by placing the amount of

cash on the?? table without converting it to chips, as this speeds up play. However,

table stakes rules strictly prohibit this from being?? done while a hand is in progress.

Other drawbacks to using cash include the ease with which cash can be?? "ratholed", which

is normally disallowed, in addition to the security risk of leaving cash on the table.

As a result,?? many games and virtually all casinos require a formal "buy-in" when a

player wishes to increase their stake, or at?? least require any cash placed on the table

to be converted into chips as quickly as possible.

Players in home games?? typically have

both cash and chips available; thus, if money for expenses other than bets is needed,

such as food,?? drinks and fresh decks of cards, many players typically pay out of

pocket. Some players (especially professionals) loathe removing any?? part of their stack

from play for any reason, especially once their stacks exceed the initial buy-in limit.

In casinos?? and public cardrooms, however, the use of cash is occasionally restricted or

discouraged, so players often establish a small cache?? of chips called the "kitty", used

to pay for such things. Players contribute a chip of lowest value towards the?? kitty

when they win a pot, and it pays for expenses other than bets such as tipping the

dealer as?? well as (where applicable) to pay for "rent" (formally known as time fees)

and/or buying fresh decks of cards (while?? many public cardrooms include such costs in

the "rake" or other fees, some charge separately for such things as playing?? cards and

"rent"), and similar costs.

At a casino, dealers who exchange cash for chips are

expected to immediately secure any?? cash by placing it into a locked box near their

station. This means that regardless of how chips are purchased,?? when cashing them in it

is typically not possible to sell them back to the dealer since they have no?? access to

any cash. Poker chips must therefore be taken to the cashier to be exchanged for cash.

Dealers who?? handle buy-ins will often be willing (and sometimes encourage) departing

players to "color up" their stacks by exchanging them for?? the highest-available

denominations, both for the convenience of the player and to minimize the number of

times casino staff must?? deliver fresh chips to the poker table - a time-consuming

process. On the other hand, casinos that expect players to?? buy chips from the cashier

will usually furnish players with chip trays (typically designed to handle 100 chips

each) to?? ease the handling of large numbers of chips.

Chips given by players or

otherwise retained by the dealer for tips, rake?? and other fees (where applicable) are

usually placed in separate locked boxes by the dealer, although in some casinos the

?? rake is kept in a separate row in the dealer's tray.

Other rules [ edit ]

Public

cardrooms often have additional rules?? designed to speed up play, earn revenue for the

casino (such as the "rake"), improve security and discourage cheating.

Forced bets?? [

edit ]

All poker games require some forced bets to create an initial stake for the

players to contest, as?? well as an initial cost of being dealt each hand for one or more

players. The requirements for forced bets?? and the betting limits of the game (see

below) are collectively called the game's betting structure.

Ante [ edit ]

An ante?? is a

forced bet in which all players put an equal amount of money or chips into the pot

before?? the deal begins. Often this is either a single unit (a one-value or the smallest

value in play) or some?? other small amount; a proportion such as a half or a quarter of

the minimum bet is also common. An?? ante paid by every player ensures that a player who

folds every round will lose money (though slowly), thus providing?? all players with an

incentive, however small, to play the hand rather than toss it in when the opening bet

?? reaches them.

Antes are the most common forced bet in draw poker and stud poker but are

uncommon in games featuring?? blind bets (see next section). However, some tournament

formats of games featuring blinds impose an ante to discourage extremely tight?? play.

Antes encourage players to play more loosely by lowering the cost of staying in the

hand (calling) relative to?? the current pot size, offering better pot odds. With antes,

more players stay in the hand, which increases pot size?? and makes for more interesting

play. This is considered important to ensure good ratings for televised tournament

finals. Most televised?? high-stakes cash games also use both blinds and antes. Televised

cash games usually have one of the players, normally the?? dealer, pay for everyone to

accelerate play. If there are six players for example, the dealer would toss six times

?? the ante into the pot, paying for each person. Tournaments which employ antes, often do

so only in the later?? rounds.[3]

In live cash games where the acting dealer changes each

turn, it is not uncommon for the players to agree?? that the dealer (or some other

position relative to the button) provides the ante for each player. This simplifies

betting,?? but causes minor inequities if other players come and go or miss their turn to

deal. During such times, the?? player can be given a special button indicating the need

to pay an ante to the pot (known as "posting";?? see below) upon their return. Some

cardrooms eliminate these inequities by always dealing all players into every hand

whether they?? are present or not. In such cases casino staff (or neighboring players

under staff supervision) will be expected to post?? antes and fold hands on behalf of

absent players as necessary.

Blinds [ edit ]

A standard Texas hold 'em game with

?? blinds

A blind bet or just blind is a forced bet placed into the pot by one or more

players before?? the deal begins, in a way that simulates bets made during play. The most

common use of blinds as a?? betting structure calls for two blinds: the player after the

dealer blinds about half of what would be a normal?? bet, and the next player blinds what

would be a whole bet. This two-blind structure, sometimes with antes, is the?? dominating

structure of play for community card poker games such as Texas hold 'em. Sometimes only

one blind is used?? (often informally as a "price of winning" the previous hand), and

sometimes three are used (this is sometimes seen in?? Omaha hold 'em). In the case of

three blinds (usually one quarter, one quarter, and half a normal bet amount),?? the

first blind goes "on the button", that is, is paid by the dealer.

A blind is usually a

"live bet";?? the amount paid as the blind is considered when figuring the bet to that

player (the amount needed to call)?? during the first round. However, some situations,

such as when a player was absent from the table during a hand?? in which they should have

paid a blind, call for placing a "dead blind"; the blind does not count as?? a bet.

For

example, in aR$2�4 limit game, the first player to the dealer's left (who, if not for

the blinds,?? would be the first to act) posts a small blind ofR$1, and the next player

in turn posts a big?? blind ofR$2. After the cards are dealt, play begins with the next

player in turn (third from the dealer), who?? must either callR$2, raise, or fold. When

the betting returns to the player who blindedR$1, they must equal the bet?? facing them

(toward which they may count theirR$1), raise, or fold. If there have been no raises

when action first?? gets to the big blind (that is, the bet amount facing them is just

the amount of the big blind?? they posted), the big blind has the ability to raise or

check. This right to raise (called the option) occurs?? only once. As with any raise, if

their raise is now called by every player, the first betting round closes?? as

usual.

Similarly to a missed ante, a missed blind due to the player's temporary absence

(e.g. for drinks or a?? restroom break) can be denoted by use of a special button. Upon

the player's return, they must pay the applicable?? blind to the pot for the next hand

they will participate in. The need for this rule is eliminated in?? casinos that deal in

absent players as described above. Also the rule is for temporary absences only; if a

player?? leaves the table permanently, special rules govern the assigning of blinds and

button (see next subsection).

In some fixed-limit and spread-limit?? games, especially if

three blinds are used, the big blind amount may be less than the normal betting

minimum. Players?? acting after a sub-minimum blind have the right to call the blind as

it is, even though it is less?? than the amount they would be required to bet, or they

may raise the amount needed to bring the current?? bet up to the normal minimum, called

completing the bet. For example, a limit game with aR$5 minimum bet on?? the first round

might have blinds ofR$1 andR$2. Players acting after the blind may either call theR$2,

or raise toR$5.?? After the bet is raised toR$5, the next raise must be toR$10 in

accordance with the normal limits.

When a player?? in the blinds leaves the game [ edit

]

When one or more players pays the small or big blinds for?? a hand, then after that

hand permanently leaves the game (by "busting out" in a tournament or simply calling it

?? a night at a public cardroom), an adjustment is required in the positioning of the

blinds and the button. There?? are three common rule sets to determine this:

Simplified :

The dealer button moves to the next active player on the?? left, and the small and big

blinds are paid by the first and second players remaining to the left. This?? is the

easiest to track and always rotates the button, but results in "missed blinds". For

instance, a player "under?? the gun" when the player in the big blind busts out ends up

paying the small blind; they have "missed"?? the big blind they would have paid had the

leaving player remained in the game. Similarly, a player in the?? small blind who busts

out means the player in the big blind gets the button, missing the small blind. In?? the

special case of three players in a tournament being reduced to the two-player showdown,

any leftover blinds from other?? rules are "written off" and the Simplified method is

used, with the player "on the button" paying the small blind.

:?? The dealer button moves

to the next active player on the left, and the small and big blinds are paid?? by the

first and second players remaining to the left. This is the easiest to track and always

rotates the?? button, but results in "missed blinds". For instance, a player "under the

gun" when the player in the big blind?? busts out ends up paying the small blind; they

have "missed" the big blind they would have paid had the?? leaving player remained in the

game. Similarly, a player in the small blind who busts out means the player in?? the big

blind gets the button, missing the small blind. Moving button : As in Simplified, the

button moves to?? the left to the next active player, and the blinds move to the next two

active players. However, any "missed?? blinds" are paid by the player whom they skipped

as if they were due for the upcoming hand, with one?? blind paid per player, per hand,

biggest blind first. Any blind a player misses on a given hand because a?? bigger blind

was due will be paid by the player in the following hand. This is the most complex

ruleset?? to implement, especially if multiple players leave, but it is the fairest

method overall in terms of paying all due?? blinds and rotating last action.

: As in

Simplified, the button moves to the left to the next active player, and?? the blinds move

to the next two active players. However, any "missed blinds" are paid by the player

whom they?? skipped as if they were due for the upcoming hand, with one blind paid per

player, per hand, biggest blind?? first. Any blind a player misses on a given hand

because a bigger blind was due will be paid by?? the player in the following hand. This

is the most complex ruleset to implement, especially if multiple players leave, but?? it

is the fairest method overall in terms of paying all due blinds and rotating last

action. Dead button: Spots?? vacated by leaving players who would pay the small blind or

get the button during the next hand remain open?? for the purposes of shifting blinds and

button. Thus, the small blind may not be paid in the subsequent hand?? if the player due

to pay the small blind has vacated the spot and, therefore, is considered "dead".

However, there?? is always a big blind even if the spot is vacated by the player who is

due to pay the?? big blind; in such case, the player seated to the left of the vacated

spot pays the big blind. When?? the dealer button moves to an empty seat, it also is

considered "dead", and the last active player before the?? empty seat retains the

"privilege of last action" by default. While simple in tournament formats and the most

equitable in?? terms of paying blinds as due and when normally expected, it can result in

inequitable strategic situations regarding last action,?? and becomes harder to track if

the table is "open" (players can come and go) as in a casino.

In tournaments,?? the dead

button and moving button rules are common (replacement players are generally not a part

of tournaments). Online cash?? games generally use the simplified moving button as other

methods are more difficult to codify and can be abused by?? players constantly entering

and leaving.

Casino card rooms where players can come and go can use any of the three

rulesets,?? though moving button is most common. When a player immediately takes the

place of a player who leaves, the player?? may have the option to either pay the blinds

in the leaving player's stead, in which case play continues as?? if the player never

left, or to "sit out" until the button has moved past them, and thus the chair?? is

effectively empty for purposes of the blinds. Many card rooms do not allow new players

to sit out as?? it is highly advantageous for the new player, both to watch one or more

hands without obligation to play, and?? to enter the game in a very "late" position (on

their first hand they see all other player's actions except?? the dealer's). For these

reasons, new players must often post a "live" big blind to enter regardless of their

position?? at the table.

When there are only two players [ edit ]

The normal rules for

positioning the blinds do not apply?? when there are only two players at the table. The

player on the button is always due the small blind,?? and the other player must pay the

big blind. The player on the button is therefore the first to act?? before the flop, but

last to act for all remaining betting rounds.

A special rule is also applied for

placement of?? the button whenever the size of the table shrinks to two players. If three

or more players are involved in?? a hand, and at the conclusion of the hand one or more

players have busted out such that only two?? players remain for the next hand, the

position of the button may need to be adjusted to begin heads-up play.?? The big blind

always continues moving, and then the button is positioned accordingly.

For example, in

a three-handed game, Alice is?? the button, Dianne is the small blind, and Carol is the

big blind. If Alice busts out, the next hand?? Dianne will be the big blind, and the

button will skip past Dianne and move to Carol. On the other?? hand, if Carol busts out,

Alice will be the big blind, Dianne will get the button and will have to?? pay the small

blind for the second hand in a row.

Kill blind [ edit ]

A kill blind is a special?? blind

bet made by a player who triggers the kill in a kill game (see below). It is often

twice?? the amount of the big blind or minimum bet (known as a full kill), but can be 1.5

times the?? big blind (a half-kill) or any other amount according to house rules. This

blind is "live"; the player posting it?? normally acts last in the opening round (after

the other blinds, regardless of relative position at the table), and other?? players must

call the amount of the kill blind to play. As any player can trigger a kill, there is

?? the possibility that the player must post a kill blind when they are already due to pay

one of the?? other blinds. Rules vary on how this is handled.

A bring-in is a type of

forced bet that occurs after the?? cards are initially dealt, but before any other

action. One player, usually chosen by the value of cards dealt face?? up on the initial

deal, is forced to open the betting by some small amount, after which players act after

?? them in normal rotation. Because of this random first action, bring-ins are usually

used in games with an ante instead?? of structured blind bets.

The bring-in is normally

assigned on the first betting round of a stud poker game to the?? player whose upcards

indicate the poorest hand. For example, in traditional high hand stud games and

high-low split games, the?? player showing the lowest card pays the bring-in. In low hand

games, the player with the highest card showing pays?? the bring-in. The high card by

suit order can be used to break ties, but more often the person closest?? to the dealer

in order of rotation pays the bring-in.

In most fixed-limit and some spread-limit

games, the bring-in amount is?? less than the normal betting minimum (often half of this

minimum). The player forced to pay the bring-in may choose?? either to pay only what is

required (in which case it functions similarly to a small blind) or to make?? a normal

bet. Players acting after a sub-minimum bring-in have the right to call the bring-in as

it is, even?? though it is less than the amount they would be required to bet, or they

may raise the amount needed?? to bring the current bet up to the normal minimum, called

completing the bet. For example, a game with aR$5?? fixed bet on the first round might

have a bring-in ofR$2. Players acting after the bring-in can either call theR$2,?? or

increase it toR$5, which would count as a normal bet, not a raise. After the bet is

completed toR$5,?? the first raise must be toR$10 in accordance with the normal

limits.

In a game where the bring-in is equal to?? the fixed bet (this is rare and not

recommended), the game must either allow the bring-in player to optionally come?? in for

a raise, or else the bring-in must be treated as live in the same way as a blind,?? so

that the player is guaranteed their right to raise on the first betting round (the

"option") if all other?? players call.

Post [ edit ]

Some cash games, especially with

blinds, require a new player to post when joining a game?? already in progress. Posting

in this context means putting an amount equal to the big blind or the minimum bet?? into

the pot before the deal. This amount is also called a "dead blind". The post is a

"live" bet,?? meaning that the amount can be applied towards a call or raise when it is

the player's turn to act.?? If the player is not facing a raise when the action gets to

them, they may also "check their option"?? as if they were in the big blind.

A player who

is away from their seat and misses one or more?? blinds is also required to post to

reenter the game. In this case, the amount to be posted is the?? amount of the big or

small blind, or both, at the time the player missed them. If both must be?? posted

immediately upon return, the big blind amount is "live", but the small blind amount is

"dead", meaning that it?? cannot be considered in determining a call or raise amount by

that player. Some house rules allow posting one blind?? per hand, largest first, meaning

all posts of missed blinds are live.

Posting is usually not required if the player who

?? would otherwise post happens to be in the big blind. This is because the advantage that

would otherwise be gained?? by missing the blind, that of playing several hands before

having to pay blinds, is not the case in this?? situation. It is therefore common for a

new player to lock up a seat and then wait several hands before?? joining a table, or for

a returning player to sit out several hands until the big blind comes back around,?? so

that they may enter in the big blind and avoid paying the post. For this same reason,

only one?? set of missed blinds can be accumulated by the player; old missed blinds are

removed when the big blind returns?? to that player's seat because the player was never

in any position to gain from missing the blinds.

In online poker?? it is common for the

post to be equal in size to a big blind and to be live, just?? like the big blind. This

can create a tactical advantage for the player if they choose not to play during?? the

time they would otherwise spend in the blind in full ring games.

Straddle and sleeper

bets [ edit ]

A straddle?? bet is an optional and voluntary blind bet made by a player

after the posting of the small and big?? blinds, but before cards are dealt. Straddles

are typically used only in cash games played with fixed blind structures. Some

?? jurisdictions and casinos prohibit live straddles. Straddles are normally not permitted

in tournament formats and are rarely allowed online.

The purpose?? of a straddle is to

"buy" the privilege of last action, which on the first round with blinds is normally

?? the player in the big blind. A straddle or sleeper blind may count as a raise towards

the maximum number?? of raises allowed, or it may count separately; in the latter case

this raises the maximum total bet of the?? first round. For example, straddling is

permitted in Nevada and Atlantic City but illegal in other areas on account of

?? differences in state and local laws.[citation needed]

Live straddle [ edit ]

The player

immediately to the left of the big blind?? ("under the gun", UTG) may place a live

straddle blind bet. The straddle must be the size of a normal?? raise over the big blind.

A straddle is a live bet; but does not become a "bigger blind". The straddle?? acts as a

minimum raise but with the difference being that the straddler still gets their option

of acting when?? the action returns to them. In a no-limit game if any other player wants

to make a raise with a?? straddle on board, the minimum raise will be the difference

between the big blind and the straddle.

Example: small blind is?? at 5, big blind is 10

then a straddle would cost 20. The minimum raise would be 10, for a?? total of 30; it

doesn't need to double to 40.

Action begins with the player to the left of the

straddle.?? If action returns to the straddle without a raise, the straddle has the

option to raise. (This is part of?? what makes a straddle different from a sleeper

because a sleeper does not have the option to raise if everyone?? folds or calls around

to him.) Some casinos permit the player to the left of a live straddle to re-straddle

?? by placing a blind bet raising the original straddle.[4] Most public cardrooms do not

permit more than one re-straddle. Depending?? on house rules, each re-straddle is often

required to be double the previous straddle, so as to limit the number?? of feasible

re-straddles.

Straddling is considered poor long-term strategy by most experts, since

the benefit of obtaining last action is more?? than offset by the cost of making a blind

raise. Because straddling has a tendency to enrich the average pot?? size without a

corresponding increase in the blinds (and antes if applicable), players who sit at

tables that allow straddling?? can increase their profits considerably simply by choosing

not to straddle themselves.

Mandatory straddles [ edit ]

Straddling is voluntary at

most?? cardrooms that allow it, however house rules can make straddling obligatory at

times by using a special token (called "the?? rock") at the table. Whoever is in

possession of the "rock" is obliged to place a live straddle for double?? the big blind

when they are in the UTG position. The winner of the ensuing pot takes possession of

the?? "rock" and is obliged to make a live straddle when the UTG position comes around to

this player. If the?? pot is split the "rock" goes to the winner closest to the left

(i.e. clockwise) of the previous holder. This?? is very similar in principle to the "kill

blind" of a kill game, but does not necessarily occur in the?? same circumstances, and

the betting amounts do not have to be affected beyond the first round as in a kill

?? game.

Mississippi straddle [ edit ]

A Mississippi straddle is similar to a live

straddle, but instead of being made by the?? player "under the gun", it can be made by

any player, depending on house rules (one common variation is to?? allow this left of big

blind or on the button). House rules permitting Mississippi straddles are common in the

southern?? United States. Like a live straddle, a Mississippi straddle must be at least

the minimum raise. Action begins with the?? player to the left of the straddle (in a

common variation, action starts left of the big blind, skips over?? the straddle who is

last). If, for example (in a game withR$10�25 blinds), the button puts a liveR$50 on

it,?? the first player to act would be the small blind, followed by the big blind, and so

on. If action?? gets back to the straddle the straddle has the option of raising. The

player to the left of a Mississippi?? straddle may re-straddle by placing a blind bet

raising the original straddle.[5]

Sleepers [ edit ]

A sleeper is a blind raise,?? made

from a position other than the player "under the gun". A Mississippi straddle is a

sleeper raise given this?? definition, but Mississippi straddles can be disallowed or

restricted while sleepers are allowed at any position. A sleeper bet is?? not given the

option to raise if other players call, and the player is not buying last action; thus

the?? sleeper bet simply establishes a higher minimum to call for the table during the

opening round and allows the player?? to ignore their turn as long as no one re-raises

the sleeper bet.

Sleepers are often considered illegal out-of-turn play and?? are

commonly disallowed, but they can speed up a game slightly as a player who posts a

sleeper can focus?? their attention on other matters such as ordering a drink or buying a

tray of chips. It can also be?? an intimidation tactic as a sleeper raise makes it

unfeasible to "limp in" (a situation where a player with a?? mediocre starting hand but

acting late only has to call the minimum to see more cards), thus forcing weaker but

?? improvable starting hands out of the play.

Examples [ edit ]

A game of no-limit poker

with blinds ofR$1/$2. Alice is in?? the small blind, Dianne is in the big blind, Carol is

next to act, followed by Joane, with Ellen on?? the button.

Straddle: Alice postsR$1,

Dianne postsR$2, Carol posts a straddle ofR$4. The hole cards are dealt. Because of the

straddle,?? Joane is now first to act; she folds. Ellen calls the straddle. Alice folds.

Dianne, the big blind, calls the?? straddle by putting an additionalR$2 in the pot. Carol

has the option of checking or raising; she makes a raise?? ofR$8. Ellen folds. Dianne

calls the raise, ending betting on this round.

Mississippi straddle: Alice postsR$1,

Dianne postsR$2, Ellen, on the?? button, posts a Mississippi straddle ofR$4. Because of

the straddle, Alice, the small blind, is now first to act; she?? folds. Dianne calls the

straddle by putting an additionalR$2 in the pot. Carol folds. Joane calls the straddle.

Ellen has?? the option of checking or raising; she checks, ending betting on this

round.

Sleeper: Alice postsR$1, Dianne postsR$2, and Joane posts?? a sleeper blind ofR$4.

The hole cards are dealt. Carol acts first as last action remains with the big blind,

?? but the bet to her isR$4. She calls. There is no additional bet to Joane and she has no

option,?? so play passes over her to Ellen. She calls theR$4 as well. Alice folds.

Dianne, in the big blind, no?? longer has the option either; she must either callR$2,

raise, or fold. She raises byR$4 (total bet is nowR$8). Carol?? re-raises toR$12. The bet

is nowR$8 to Joane, who must now call, raise or fold; she calls, as do Ellen?? and

Dianne, ending the betting round.

Limits [ edit ]

Betting limits apply to the amount a

player may open or raise,?? and come in four common forms: no limit, pot limit (the two

collectively called big bet poker), fixed limit, and?? spread limit.

All such games have

a minimum bet as well as the stated maximums, and also commonly a betting unit,?? which

is the smallest denomination in which bets can be made. For example, it is common for

games withR$20 andR$40?? betting limits to have a minimum betting unit ofR$5, so that all

bets must be in multiples ofR$5, to simplify?? game play. It is also common for some

games to have a bring-in that is less than the minimum for?? other bets. In this case,

players may either call the bring-in, or raise to the full amount of a normal?? bet,

called completing the bet.

Fixed limit [ edit ]

In a game played with a fixed-limit

betting structure, a player chooses?? only whether to bet or not�the amount is fixed by

rule in most situations. To enable the possibility of bluffing?? and protection, the

fixed amount generally doubles at some point in the game. This double wager amount is

referred to?? as a big bet.

For example, a four-round game called "20 and 40 limit"

(usually written asR$20/$40) may specify that each?? bet in the first two rounds isR$20,

and that each big bet used in the third and fourth rounds isR$40.?? This amount applies

to each raise, not the total amount bet in a round, so a player may betR$20, be

?? raisedR$20, and then re-raise anotherR$20, for a total bet ofR$60, in such a game.

Some

limit games have rules for specific?? situations allowing a player to choose between a

small or big bet. For example, in seven-card stud high, when a?? player has a face-up

pair on the second round (4th street), players may choose a small or big bet (e.g.R$20

?? orR$40 in a 20�40 game).

Maximum number of raises [ edit ]

Most fixed-limit games will

not allow more than a predefined?? number of raises in a betting round. The maximum

number of raises depends on the casino house rules, and is?? usually posted conspicuously

in the card room. Typically, an initial bet plus either three or four raises are

allowed.

Consider this?? example in aR$20/$40 game, with a posted limit of a bet and

three raises. During aR$20 round with three players,?? play could proceed as

follows:

Player A betsR$20.

Player B puts in another bet, raises anotherR$20, making

itR$40 to play.

Player C puts?? in a third bet, raising anotherR$20 on that, thus making

itR$60 to play.

Player A puts in the fourth bet (they?? are usually said to cap the

betting).

Once Player A has made their final bet, Players B and C may only?? call another

two and one bets (respectively); they may not raise again because the betting is

capped.

A common exception in?? this rule practiced in some card rooms is to allow

unlimited raising when a pot is played heads up (when?? only two players are in the hand

at the start of the betting round). Usually, this has occurred because all?? other

players have folded, and only two remain, although it is also practiced when only two

players get dealt in.?? Many card rooms will permit these two players to continue

re-raising each other until one player is all in.

Kill game?? [ edit ]

Sometimes a

fixed-limit game is played as a kill game. In such a game, a kill hand is?? triggered

when a player wins a pot over a certain predetermined amount, or when the player wins a

certain number?? of consecutive hands. The player triggering the kill must post a kill

blind, generally either 1.5 times (a half kill)?? or double (a full kill) the amount of

the big blind. In addition, the betting limits for the kill hand?? are multiplied by 1.5

or doubled, respectively.

The term kill, when used in this context, should not be

confused with killing?? a hand, which is a term used for a hand that was made a dead hand

by action of a?? game official.

Spread limit [ edit ]

A game played with a spread-limit

betting structure allows a player to raise any amount?? within a specified range. For

example, a game called "one to five limit" allows each bet to be anywhere fromR$1?? toR$5

(subject to other betting rules). These limits are typically larger in later rounds of

multi-round games. For example, a?? game might be "one to five, ten on the end", meaning

that early betting rounds allow bets ofR$1 toR$5, and?? the last betting round allows

bets ofR$1 toR$10. Playing spread-limit requires some care to avoid giving easy tells

with one's?? choice of bets. Beginners frequently give themselves away by betting high

with strong hands and low with weak ones, for?? instance. It is also harder to force

other players out with big bets.

There is a variation of this known as?? "California

Spread," where the range is much higher, such as 3-100 or 10�1000. California Spread,

as the name implies, is?? played in California, Colorado, and Minnesota, where local laws

forbid no limit.

Half-pot limit [ edit ]

In a half-pot limit game,?? no player can raise

more than the half of the size of the total pot. Half-pot limit games are often?? played

at non-high-low games including Badugi in South Korea.

Pot limit [ edit ]

TABLE 1

Action Pot sizeR$20 from first roundR$20?? Starting Pot Player A betsR$5R$20 Starting

potR$ 5 Player A's bet

���

$25 New pot total Player B declares "Pot"R$20 Starting pot

$

?? 5 Player A's bet

$ 5 Player B's call*

���

$30 Pot

$30 Player B's raise*

���

$60 New pot

total (*these amounts totalR$35, Player B's?? pot raise) Player C callsR$20 Starting

pot

$ 5 Player A's bet

$35 Player B's pot raise

$35 Player C's call

���

$95 New pot

?? total Player D declares "Pot"R$20 Starting pot

$ 5 Player A's bet

$35 Player B's pot

bet

$35 Player C's call

$35 Player D's?? call*

���

$130 Pot

$130 Player D's

raise*

���

$260 New pot total (*these amounts totalR$165

Player D's pot raise) Players

A folds;

Players B and C?? callR$20 Starting pot

$ 5 Player A's bet

$ 35 Player B's pot

bet

$ 35 Player C's call

$165 Player D's pot raise

$?? 0 Player A folds

$130 Player B's

call

$130 Player C's call

���

$520 New pot total

In a pot-limit game no player can

raise?? more than the size of the total pot, which includes:

Chips collected from

previous betting rounds (Starting pot) Previous action in?? the current betting round

(Trail) A call from the player making the raise

This does not preclude a player from

raising?? less than the maximum so long as the amount of the raise is equal to or greater

than any previous?? bet or raise in the same betting round.

Making a maximum raise is

referred to as "raising the pot", or "potting",?? and can be announced by the acting

player by declaring "Raise pot", or simply "Pot".

If there isR$20 in the pot?? at the

start of a betting round in aR$2/$5 pot limit game, and Player A betsR$5, player B may

"raise?? the pot" and wagerR$35 creating a new pot total ofR$60. This is derived from

theR$20 previous round action, Player A'sR$5?? bet, Player B'sR$5 call, and player

B'sR$30 Pot Raise ($20+$5+$5+$30=$60). Bear in mind, however, thatR$60 is the new pot,

player?? B's "Pot" declaration will cost themR$35. (These actions, with additional

follow-up wagering, are laid out in Table '1' on the?? right.)

Only pot limit games allow

the dealer, on request, to inform the players of the pot size and the amount?? of a pot

raise before it's made. The dealer is also required to push any amount over the maximum

raise?? back to the offending player. Keeping track of those numbers can be harrowing if

the action becomes heated, but there?? are simple calculations that allow a dealer or

player to keep track of the maximum raise amount. Here is an?? example:

(3L+T)+S=M where:

L=last wager T=trail(action prior to previous bet) S=starting pot(previous round

action) and M=maximum bet

Going to player D's actions?? in TABLE 1 on the right:

The last

wager made was made by Player C ($35), so L=$35 The trail is?? the total of Player

A+Player B ($5+$35), so T=$40 The starting pot isR$20, so S=$20 The value of M(maximum

bet)?? isR$165 (35*3)+40+20=$165

After some practice, it is not difficult to keep up with

the action at the table.

There may be some?? variance between cash and tournament play in

pot limit betting structures, which should be noted:

At some cash tables, it may?? not be

a requirement that the dealer immediately return the extra amount of an overbet. If the

over bet is?? not contested by a player before any additional action, the wager stands.

If the overbet is contested, the dealer must?? know the overage amount, and return it to

the offending player. This is something to find out before sitting at?? the table.

be a

requirement that the dealer immediately return the extra amount of an overbet. If the

over bet is?? not contested by a player before any additional action, the wager stands.

If the overbet is contested, the dealer must?? know the overage amount, and return it to

the offending player. This is something to find out before sitting at?? the table.

Tournaments use a "True Pot" method of calculations, where the first round maximum

raise to the first acting?? player is seven times the small blind. The blinds in a cash

game, however, may not be a half and?? full bet (e.g.R$2/$5) making the calculations run

awry. In these cases a modification known as "Assumed Call" is used. Using?? an assumed

call, the maximum raise to the first acting player in the first round is four times the

big?? blind. Simply enough, the pot is treated as if the small blind had called, even if

that player folded, to?? keep the pot's math more manageable.

Because the calculations

can be confusing, especially as tournament blind levels increase, major tournaments

will?? include the amount of the small blind, big blind, minimum raise and maximum raise

with the printed blind schedule and/or?? display them on the tournament timer.

There can

be some confusion about the small blind. Some (usually home) games treat the?? small

blind as dead money that is pulled into the center pot. In aR$10/$25 pot limit game,

the small blind?? putsR$10 into the pot before the cards are dealt. Using the dead money

reasoning, the small blind would put anotherR$25?? into the pot to call the big blind,

for a total ofR$35. The big blind might then check forR$25, which?? would enable that

player to win out of proportion to their wager.

This is not equitable; it's simple

enough to consider?? that the small blind has made a half bet and must complete that bet

forR$15 to call, or raise, or?? fold forR$10.

No limit [ edit ]

A game played with a

no-limit betting structure allows each player to raise the bet?? by any amount up to and

including their entire remaining stack at any time (subject to the table stakes rules

?? and any other rules about raising).[6] There is generally a minimum opening bet, and

raises usually must be at least?? the amount of the previous raise.

Cap limit [ edit

]

Hands in a cap limit or "capped" structure are played exactly?? the same as in regular

no limit or pot limit games until a pre-determined maximum per player is reached. Once

?? the betting cap is reached, all players left in the hand are considered all-in, and the

remaining cards dealt out?? with no more wagering.

For example, in aR$1/$2 NL ($60

cap):

Player A betsR$2. Player B raises toR$10. Player C can then?? raise to a max

ofR$60, and players A & B can call theR$60 wager ($58 andR$50 respectively). There

would be?? no further wagering, and the winner would collectR$180.

Cap limit games offer

a similar action and strategy to no limit and?? pot limit games, but without risking an

entire stack on a single hand.

Table stakes rules [ edit ]

All casinos and?? most home

games play poker by what are called table stakes rules, which state that each player

starts each deal?? with a certain stake, and plays that deal with that stake. A player

may not remove money from the table?? or add money from their pocket during the play of a

hand. In essence, table stakes rules creates a maximum?? and a minimum buy-in amount for

cash game poker as well as rules for adding and removing the stake from?? play. A player

also may not take a portion of their money or stake off the table, unless they opt?? to

leave the game and remove their entire stake from play. Players are not allowed to hide

or misrepresent the?? amount of their stake from other players and must truthfully

disclose the amount when asked.

In casino games, an exception is?? customarily made for

de minimis amounts such as tips paid out of a player's stack.

Common among

inexperienced players is the?? act of "going south" after winning a big pot, which is to

take a portion of one's stake out of?? play, often as an attempt to hedge one's risk

after a win. This is also known as "ratholing" or "reducing"?? and, while totally

permissible in most other casino games, is not permitted in poker. If a player wishes

to "hedge"?? after a win, the player must leave the table entirely�to do so immediately

after winning a large pot is known?? as a "hit and run" and, although not prohibited, is

generally considered in poor taste as the other players have?? no chance to "win some of

it back".

In most casinos, once a player picks up their stack and leaves a?? table, they

must wait a certain amount of time (usually an hour) before returning to a table with

the same?? game and limits unless they buy in for the entire amount they left with. This

is to prevent circumvention of?? the rule against "ratholing" by leaving the table after

a large win only to immediately buy back in for a?? lesser amount.

Table stakes are the

rule in most cash poker games because it allows players with vastly different bankrolls

a?? reasonable amount of protection when playing with one another. They are usually set

in relation to the blinds. For example,?? in aR$1/2 No Limit cash game, the minimum stake

is often set atR$40 while maximum stake is often set atR$200,?? or 20 and 100 big blinds

respectively.

This also requires some special rules to handle the case when a player is

?? faced with a bet that they cannot call with their available stake.

A player faced with

a current bet who wishes?? to call but has insufficient remaining stake (folding does not

require special rules) may bet the remainder of their stake?? and declare themselves

all-in. They may now hold onto their cards for the remainder of the deal as if they?? had

called every bet, but may not win any more money from any player above the amount of

their bet.?? In no-limit games, a player may also go all in, that is, betting their

entire stack at any point during?? a betting round.

Side pots [ edit ]

A player who goes

"all-in" effectively caps the main pot; the player is not?? entitled to win any amount

from each player over their total stake. If only one other player is still in?? the hand,

the other player simply matches the all-in (retracting any overage if necessary) and

the hand is dealt to?? completion. However, if multiple players remain in the game and

the bet rises beyond the all-in's stake, the overage goes?? into a side pot. Only the

players who have contributed to the side pot have the chance to win it.?? In the case of

multiple all-in bets, multiple side pots can be created. Players who choose to fold

rather than?? match bets in the side pot are considered to fold with respect to the main

pot as well.

For example, with?? three players in a game, Player A, with a large stack,

opens the betting round forR$20. Player B only hasR$10.?? They call theR$10, going

all-in. Player C hasR$30, and thus can either call the fullR$20, re-raise toR$30, or

fold. Player?? C decides to "raise all-in", betting their remaining stake. The bet is

nowR$10 to Player A, who calls. Player A?? is the only player at the table with a

remaining stake; they may not make any further bets this hand.?? Because Player B can

only winR$10 from each of the other two players'R$30 bets, thatR$10 is taken from all

players'?? bets and theR$30 total is placed in the main pot. TheR$40 remaining, for which

Players A and C are separately?? contesting, goes in a side pot. As no further bets can

be made, the hand is now dealt to completion.?? It is found that Player B has the best

hand overall, and wins the main pot. Player A has the?? second-best hand, and wins the

side pot. Player C loses the hand, and must "re-buy" if they wish to be?? dealt in on

subsequent hands.

There is a strategic advantage to being all-in: such a player cannot

be bluffed, because they?? are entitled to hold their cards and see the showdown without

risking any more money. Opponents who continue to bet?? after a player is all-in can

still bluff each other out of the side pot, which is also to the?? all-in player's

advantage since players who fold out of the side pot also reduce competition for the

main pot. But?? these advantages are offset by the disadvantage that a player cannot win

any more money than their stake can cover?? when they have the best hand, nor can an

all-in player bluff other players on subsequent betting rounds when they?? do not have

the best hand.

Some players may choose to buy into games with a "short stack", a stack

of?? chips that is relatively small for the stakes being played, with the intention of

going all-in after the flop and?? not having to make any further decisions. However, this

is generally a non-optimal strategy in the long term, since the?? player does not

maximize their gains on their winning hands.

All-in before the deal [ edit ]

If a

player does not?? have sufficient money to cover the ante and blinds due, that player is

automatically all-in for the coming hand. Any?? money the player holds must be applied to

the ante first, and if the full ante is covered, the remaining?? money is applied towards

the blind.

Some cardrooms require players in the big blind position to have at least

enough chips?? to cover the small blind (and ante if applicable) in order to be dealt in.

In cash games with such?? a rule, any player in the big blind with insufficient chips to

cover the small blind will not be dealt?? in unless they re-buy. In tournaments with such

a rule, any player in the big blind with insufficient chips to?? cover the small blind

will be eliminated with their remaining chips being removed from play.[7]

If a player

is all in?? for part of the ante, or the exact amount of the ante, an equal amount of

every other player's ante?? is placed in the main pot, with any remaining fraction of the

ante and all blinds and further bets in?? the side pot.

If a player is all in for part of

a blind, all antes go into the main pot.?? Players to act must call the complete amount

of the big blind to call, even if the all-in player has?? posted less than a full big

blind. At the end of the betting round, the bets and calls will be?? divided into the

main pot and side pot as usual.

For example, Alice is playing at a table with 10

players?? in a tournament with an ante ofR$1 and blinds ofR$4/$8. Alice is due the big

blind but she only hasR$8.?? She must pay theR$1 ante and apply the remainingR$7 towards

the big blind, and she is all in. Dianne, next?? to act, callsR$8, the full big blind

amount. Carol raises toR$16 total. All remaining players fold, the small blind folds,

?? and Dianne folds. The amount in the main pot isR$10 (the sum of all antes) plus the

fullR$4 small blind?? since Alice had this amount covered, plusR$7 from Alice and every

other player who called at least that amount, namely?? Dianne and Carol. The main pot is

thereforeR$10 +R$4 + 3 �R$7 =R$35. The side pot ofR$10 ($1 in excess?? of Alice's all-in

bet from Dianne, andR$9 in excess of Alice's all-in bet from Carol) is paid immediately

to Carol?? when Dianne folds.

Incomplete bet or raise [ edit ]

If a player goes all-in

with a bet or raise rather than?? a call, another special rule comes into play. There are

two options in common use: pot-limit and no-limit games usually?? use what is called the

full bet rule, while fixed-limit and spread-limit games may use either the full bet

rule?? or the half bet rule. The full bet rule states that if the amount of an all-in bet

is less?? than the minimum bet, or if the amount of an all-in raise is less than the full

amount of the?? previous raise, it does not constitute a "real" raise, and therefore does

not reopen the betting action. The half bet?? rule states that if an all-in bet or raise

is equal to or larger than half the minimum amount, it?? does constitute a raise and

reopens the action.

For example, with the full bet rule in effect, a player opens the

?? betting round forR$20, and the next player has a total stake ofR$30. They may raise

toR$30, declaring themselves all-in, but?? this does not constitute a "real" raise, in

the following sense: if a third player now calls theR$30, and the?? first player's turn

to act comes up, they may now call the additionalR$10, but they do not have the right

?? to re-raise further. The all-in player's pseudo-raise was really just a call with some

extra money, and the third player's?? call was just a call, so the initial opener's bet

was simply called by both remaining players, closing the betting?? round (even though

they must still equalize the money by putting in the additionalR$10). If the half bet

rule were?? being used, then that raise would count as a genuine raise and the first

player would be entitled to re-raise?? if they chose to (creating a side pot for the

amount of their re-raise and the third player's call, if?? any).

In a game with a half

bet rule, a player may complete an incomplete raise, if that player still has?? the right

to raise (in other words, if that player has not yet acted in the betting round, or has

?? not yet acted since the last full bet or raise). The act of completing a bet or raise

reopens the?? betting to other remaining opponents.

For example, four players are in a

hand, playing with a limit betting structure and a?? half bet rule. The current betting

round isR$20. Alice checks, and Dianne checks. Carol goes all-in forR$5. Joane, still

to?? act, has the following options: fold, callR$5, or complete the bet to a total

ofR$20. If Joane calls theR$5, Alice?? and Dianne only have the option of calling or

folding; neither can raise. But if Joane completes, either of them?? could raise.

Opening

all-in hands [ edit ]

When all players in the pot are all-in, or one player is playing

alone?? against opponents who are all all-in, no more betting can take place. Some

casinos and many major tournaments require that?? all players still involved open, or

immediately reveal, their hole cards in this case�the dealer will not continue dealing

until?? all hands are flipped up. Likewise, any other cards that would normally be dealt

face down, such as the final?? card in seven-card stud, may be dealt face-up. Such action

is automatic in online poker. This rule discourages a form?? of tournament collusion

called "chip dumping", in which one player deliberately loses their chips to another to

give that player?? a greater chance of winning.

Open stakes [ edit ]

The alternative to

table stakes rules is called "open stakes", in which?? players are allowed to buy more

chips during the hand and even to borrow money (often called "going light"). Open

?? stakes are most commonly found in home or private games. In casinos, players are

sometimes allowed to buy chips at?? the table during a hand, but are never allowed to

borrow money or use IOUs. Other casinos, depending on protocol?? for buying chips,

prohibit it as it slows gameplay considerably.

Open stakes is the older form of stakes

rules, and before?? "all-in" betting became commonplace, a large bankroll meant an unfair

advantage; raising the bet beyond what a player could cover?? in cash gave the player

only two options; buy a larger stake (borrowing if necessary) or fold. This is commonly

?? seen in period-piece movies such as Westerns, where a player bets personal possessions

or even wagers property against another player's?? much larger cash bankroll.

In modern

open-stakes rules, a player may go all in as in table stakes if they so?? choose, rather

than adding to their stake or borrowing. Because it is a strategic advantage to go all

in with?? some hands while being able to add to one's stake with others, such games may

strictly enforce a minimum buy-in?? that is several times the maximum bet (or blinds, in

the case of a no-limit or pot-limit game). A player?? who goes all in and wins a pot that

is less than the minimum buy-in may not then add to?? their stake or borrow money during

any future hand until they re-buy an amount sufficient to bring their stake up?? to a

full buy-in.

If a player cannot or does not wish to go all-in, they may instead choose

to buy?? chips with cash out-of-pocket at any time, even during the play of a hand, and

their bets are limited only?? by the specified betting structure of the game.

Finally, a

player may also borrow money by betting with an IOU, called?? a "marker", payable to the

winner of the pot. To bet with a marker, all players still active in the?? pot must agree

to accept the marker. Some clubs and house rules forbid IOUs altogether. If the marker

is not?? acceptable, the bettor may bet with cash out-of-pocket or go all-in. A player

may also borrow money from a player?? not involved in the pot, giving them a personal

marker in exchange for cash or chips, which the players in?? the pot are then compelled

to accept. A player may borrow money to call a bet during a hand, and?? later in the same

hand go all-in due to further betting; but if a player borrows money to raise, they

?? forfeit the right to go all-in later in that same hand�if they are re-raised, they must

borrow money to call,?? or fold. A player may also buy more chips or be bought back in by

any other player for any?? given amount at any given time.

Just as in table stakes, no

player may remove chips or cash from the table?? once they are put in play (except small

amounts for refreshments, tips, and such)�this includes all markers, whether one's own

?? or those won from other players.

Players may agree before play on the means and time

limits of settling markers, and?? a convenient amount below which all markers must be

accepted to simplify play.

See also [ edit ]

banca francesa casino

ganhar bonus no betano

black jack 21 online

sport recife palpite hoje

casas de apostas com bonus 2024

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